4.1.2 Fire
detection control units, indicating panels, detector heads, manual
call points and short-circuit isolation units are to be Type Approved
in accordance with Test Specification Number 1 given in LR’s
Type Approval System for an environmental category appropriate for
the locations in which they are intended to operate. For addressable
systems, see also
Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 8, 5 Programmable electronic systems (PES).
4.1.3 An audible
fire-alarm is to be provided having a characteristic tone distinguishing
it from the alarm system required by Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 7, 4.3 Alarm systems, general requirements or
any other alarm system. The audible fire-alarm is to be immediately
audible throughout the machinery spaces, the navigating bridge and
at manned watch positions as designated by the specified fire safety
standard. Facilities are to be provided in the fire detection system
to initiate manually the fire-alarm from positions adjacent to all
exits from machinery spaces, the navigating bridge and manned watch
positions as designated by the specified fire safety standard.
4.1.4 Fire
detection and alarm systems are to be provided with at least two power
supplies. One supply is to be connected to the main source of electrical
power and another supply is to be connected to the emergency source
of electrical power required by Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 2, 5.2 Emergency source of electrical power, or an accumulator battery capable of supplying power
for the same period of time as the emergency source of electrical
power. All power supply feeders for fire detection and alarm systems
are to be in accordance with Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 3, 8.6 Conductor size 8.6.4.
4.1.5 Automatic
changeover facilities in accordance with Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 3, 4.3 Isolation and switching 4.3.4 are to be located in, or adjacent to, the main
fire-control panel. Power supply changeover is to be achieved without
adverse effect. Failure of any power supply is to operate an audible
and visual alarm. See also
Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 3, 8.10 Cable support systems 8.10.6
Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 3, 8.10 Cable support systems 8.10.7 and Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 1, 2.5 Operation under fire conditions.
4.1.6 Where
an accumulator battery provides a power supply, on restoration of
the main source of electrical power, the rating of the charge unit
is to be sufficient to recharge the battery while maintaining the
output supply to the fire detection and alarm system.
4.1.7 Power
supplies from the main and emergency switchboards are to be supplied
by separate feeders that are reserved solely for this purpose. Where
the emergency feeder for the electrical equipment used in the operation
of the fixed fire detection and alarm system is supplied from the
emergency switchboard, it is to be run from this switchboard to the
automatic changeover switch without passing through any other switchboard.
4.1.8 The
fixed fire detection and fire-alarm systems are to be capable of remotely
and individually identifying each detector and manually operated call
point. At least one indicating unit is to be so located that it is
easily accessible to responsible members of the crew. One indicating
unit is to be located on the navigating bridge if the control panel
is located in the central control station.
4.1.9 A loop
circuit of an addressable fire detection system, capable of remotely
identifying from either end of the loop each detector and manually
operated call point served by the circuit, may serve spaces on both
sides of the ship and on several decks, but is not to be situated
in more than one main vertical or horizontal fire zone, nor is a loop
circuit which covers an accommodation space, service space and/or
control station to include a machinery space of Category A.
4.1.10 A
loop circuit of an addressable fire detection system may comprise
one or more sections. Where the loop comprises more than one section,
the sections are to be separated by devices which will ensure that,
if a short-circuit occurs anywhere in the loop, only the affected
section will be isolated from the control panel. No section of detectors
and manually operated call points is, in general, to include more
than 50 detectors.
4.1.11 Detectors
and manually operated call points are to be grouped into sections.
The activation of any detector or manually operated call point is
to initiate a visual and audible fire-alarm signal at the control
panel and indicating units.
4.1.12 A
section of detectors of an addressable fire detection system is neither
to serve spaces on both sides of the ship nor on more than one deck,
except that:
4.1.13 a section
of detectors may serve spaces on more than one deck if those spaces
are located in either the fore and aft end of the ship or they constitute
common spaces occupying several decks, i.e. personnel spaces, enclosed
stairways, etc.
4.1.14 in
ships of less than 20 m in breadth, a section of detectors may serve
spaces on both sides of the ship.
4.1.15 A
section of fire detectors and manually operated call points of an
addressable system is not to be situated in more than one main vertical
zone.
4.1.16 A
section of fire detectors and manually operated call points which
covers a control station, a service space or an accommodation space
is not to include a machinery space of Category A.
4.1.17 The
wiring for each section of detectors and manually operated call points
in an addressable fire detector system is to be separated as widely
as practicable from that of all other sections on the same loop.
4.1.18 When
it is intended that a particular loop is to be temporarily switched
off, this state is to be clearly indicated at the fire detection indicating
panels.
4.1.19 An
audible fire-alarm is to be provided having a characteristic tone
distinguishing it from any other alarm system. Facilities are to be
provided in the fire detection system to initiate manually the fire-alarm
from positions adjacent to all exits from machinery spaces, the navigating
bridge and manned watch positions as designated by the Naval Administration.
4.1.20 Activation
of any detector or manually operated call point in a machinery space
is to result in immediate activation of the audible fire alarm throughout
that machinery space, the navigating bridge and at manned watch positions
as designated by the Naval Administration.
4.1.21 The
activation of any detector or manually operated call point is to initiate
a visual and audible fire-alarm signal at the control panel and indicating
units. If the signals have not received attention within two minutes
an audible alarm is to be automatically sounded throughout the crew
accommodation and service spaces, control stations and machinery spaces
of Category A. This alarm sounder system need not be an integral part
of the detection system.
4.1.22 The
fixed fire detection system is to be capable of remotely and individually
identifying each detector and manually operated call point. At least
one indicating unit is to be so located that it is easily accessible
to responsible members of the crew. One indicating unit is to be located
on the navigating bridge if the control panel is located in the central
control station.
4.1.23 The
fire alarm system is to be designed with self-monitoring properties.
Power or system failures are to initiate an audible alarm distinguishable
from the fire-alarm. This alarm may be incorporated in the machinery
alarm system as required by Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 7, 4.3 Alarm systems, general requirements.
4.1.24 Where
it is intended that detectors be installed in external locations,
in addition to meeting the requirements for an environmental category
suitable for open decks, see
Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 9, 4.1 General 4.1.26, they are also to be tested
for sun irradiation and ultraviolet exposure with satisfactory results.
4.1.25 When
fire detectors are provided with means to adjust their sensitivity,
the arrangements are to be such that the set point can be fixed and
readily identified.
4.1.26 The
fire detector heads are to be of a type which can be tested and reset
without the renewal of any component. Facilities are to be provided
on the fire-control panel for functional testing and reset of the
system.
4.1.27 When
it is intended that a particular detector(s) is to be temporarily
switched off locally, this state is to be clearly indicated at the
local position. Reactivation of the detector(s) is to be performed
automatically after a preset time.
4.1.28 It
is to be demonstrated to the Surveyor’s satisfaction that detector
heads are so located that air currents will not render the system
ineffective whether the ship is at sea or in port.
4.1.29 Detector
heads are to be located in the machinery spaces so that all potential
fire outbreak points are guarded. A combination of detectors is to
be provided to ensure that the system will react to all possible fire
characteristics.
4.1.30 Fire
detection indicating panels are to denote the section in which a detector
or manually operated call point has operated. At least one indicating
panel is to be located on the navigating bridge unless specified otherwise
by the Naval Administration.
4.1.31 A
fire detection control unit is to be located in the navigating bridge
area, the fire-control station, or in some other position such that
a fire in the machinery spaces will not render it inoperable.
4.1.32 Clear
information is to be displayed on or adjacent to each indicating unit
about the spaces covered and the location of the section and, for
passenger ships, each detector and manually operated call point.
4.1.33 The
fire detection system is not to be used for any other purpose, except
that closing of fire doors and similar functions may be permitted
at the control panel.
4.1.34 Sound
signal equipment, fire and general alarm bells are to be supplemented
by visual indication, areas having high levels of background noise,
such as machinery spaces.