Section
4 Surveys - General
4.1 Statutory surveys
4.1.1 The Committee
will act, when authorised on behalf of Governments, in respect of
National and International statutory safety and other requirements.
4.1.2 The Committee
will also act, when authorised, in respect of National safety and
other requirements relating to craft used for offshore mineral exploration
and exploitation.
4.2 New construction surveys
4.2.1 When it
is intended to build a craft for classification with LR, constructional
plans and all particulars relevant to the hull, equipment and machinery,
as detailed in the Rules, are to be submitted for the approval of
the Committee before the work is commenced. Proposals for any subsequent
modifications or additions to the scantlings, arrangements or equipment
shown on the approved plans are also to be submitted in writing and
on plans for approval.
4.2.2 Where the
proposed construction of any part of the hull or machinery is of novel
design, or involves the use of unusual material, or where experience,
in the opinion of the Committee, has not sufficiently justified the
principle or mode of application involved, special tests or examinations
before and during service may be required. In such cases a suitable
notation may be entered in the appropriate Register Book.
4.2.3 The materials
used in the construction of hulls and machinery intended for classification
are to be of good quality and free from defects and are to comply
with the requirements of the Rules.
4.2.4 The Surveyor
is to be satisfied that the capability, organisation and facilities
of the Builder are such that acceptable standards can be obtained
both for the construction of the craft and the installation of machinery,
electrical and control equipment.
4.2.6 New craft
intended for classification are to be built under LR's Special Survey.
The Surveyors are to be satisfied that the materials, workmanship
and arrangements are in accordance with the Rules. Any items found
not to be in accordance with the Rules or the approved plans, or any
material, workmanship or arrangements found be to so, are to be rectified.
4.2.8 Copies
of approved plans (showing the craft as built), essential certificates
and records, required loading and other instruction manuals are to
be readily available for use when required by LR's Surveyors and may
be required to be kept on board.
4.2.9 After completion,
the craft is to be examined afloat, and trials are to be conducted
as specified in the Rules.
4.2.10 When
the machinery is constructed under LR's Special Survey, this survey
is to relate to the period from the commencement of the work until
the final test under working conditions. Any items found not to be
in accordance with the Rules or the approved plans, or any material,
workmanship or arrangements found to be unsatisfactory, are to be
rectified.
4.2.11 When
arrangements are such that essential machinery can be operated by
remote and/or automatic control equipment, the control equipment is
to be arranged, installed and tested in accordance with the Rules,
as applicable.
4.2.12 The date
of completion of the Special Survey during construction of craft built
under LR's inspection will normally be taken as the date of build
to be entered in the appropriate Register Book. If the
period between launching and commissioning is, for any reason, unduly
prolonged, the dates of launching and completion or commissioning
may be separately indicated in the appropriate Register Book.
4.2.13 When
a craft, upon completion, is not immediately commissioned but is laid-up
for a period, the Committee, upon application by the Owner, prior
to the craft proceeding to sea, will direct an examination to be made
by LR's Surveyors which may include a survey in dry-dock. If, as the
result of such survey, the hull and machinery be reported in all respects
free from deterioration, the subsequent Special Survey and Complete
Survey of the machinery will date from the time of such examination.
4.3 Existing craft
4.3.2
Reclassification. When reclassification or class reinstatement is desired for
a craft for which the class previously assigned by LR has been withdrawn
or suspended, the Committee will direct that a survey, appropriate
to the age of the craft and the circumstances of the case, be carried
out by LR's Surveyors. If, at such survey, the craft be found or placed
in a good and efficient condition in accordance with the requirements
of the Rules and Regulations, the Committee will be prepared to consider
reinstatement of the original class or the assignment of such other
class as may be deemed necessary.
4.3.3 In the
case of existing yachts over 15 years of age, the requirements for
classification of craft not built under survey or for reclassification
will be specially considered.
4.3.4 The Committee
reserves the right to decline an application for classification or
reclassification where the prior history or condition of the ship
indicates this to be appropriate.
4.4 Damages, repairs and alterations
4.4.1 All repairs
to hull, equipment and machinery which may be required in order that
a craft may retain her class, see
Pt 1, Ch 2, 1.1 General 1.1.7, are to be carried out to the
satisfaction of LR's Surveyors. When repairs are effected at a port,
terminal or location where the services of a Surveyor to LR are not
available, the repairs are to be surveyed by one of LR's Surveyors
at the earliest opportunity thereafter.
4.4.2 When at
any survey the Surveyors consider repairs to be immediately necessary,
either as a result of damage, or wear and tear, they are to communicate
their recommendations at once to the Owner, or his representative.
When such recommendations are not complied with, immediate notification
is to be given to the Committee by the Surveyors.
4.4.3 Where repairs
are to be carried out by a riding crew during a voyage then these
must be planned in advance. A complete repair procedure, including
the extent of proposed repair and the need for Surveyor’s attendance
during the voyage, is to be submitted reasonably in advance to the
Surveyor for agreement. Failure to notify LR in advance of the repairs
may result in the class of the ship being specially considered by
the Classification Committee. Where emergency repairs are effected
immediately due to an emergency circumstance, the repairs should be
documented in the ship’s log and submitted thereafter to LR
for use in determining further survey requirements.
4.4.4 When at
any survey it is found that any damage, defect, or breakdown (see
Pt 1, Ch 2, 1.1 General 1.1.7) is of such a nature that it
does not require immediate permanent repair, but is sufficiently serious
to require rectification by a prescribed date in order to maintain
class, a suitable condition of class is to be imposed by the Surveyors
and recommended to the Committee for consideration.
4.4.5 If a craft
which is classed with LR is to leave harbour limits or protected waters
under tow, the Owner is to advise LR of the circumstances prior to
her departure.
4.4.6 If a craft
which is classed with LR is taken in tow whilst at sea, the Owner
is to advise LR of the circumstances at the first practicable opportunity.
4.4.7 Plans and
particulars of any proposed alterations to the approved scantlings
and arrangements of hull, equipment, or machinery are to be submitted
for approval by Owners or Builders or their representatives and such
alterations are to be carried out to the satisfaction of LR's Surveyors.
4.4.8 The Owners
should notify LR whenever a craft can be examined in dry-dock or on
a slipway.
4.5 Existing service craft and yachts - Periodical Surveys
4.5.3 Annual
Surveys are to be held on all craft other than yachts within three
months, before or after each anniversary of the completion, commissioning
or Special Survey. The date of the last Annual Survey will be recorded
on the Class Direct website.
4.5.4 Intermediate
Surveys are to be held on all craft other than yachts instead of the
second or third Annual Survey after completion, commissioning or Special
Survey. The date of the last Intermediate Survey will be recorded
on the Class Direct website.
4.5.5 Intermediate
Surveys are to be held on yachts between the second and third anniversary
after completion, commissioning or Special Survey.
4.5.6 The Owner should notify the Surveyors whenever a craft can be examined in
dry-dock or on a slipway. A minimum of two Bottom Surveys are to be held in each
five-year Special Survey period and the maximum interval between successive Bottom
Surveys is not to exceed three years. One of the two Bottom Surveys required in each
five-year period is to coincide with the Special Survey. Consideration may be given at
the discretion of the Classification Committee to any special circumstances justifying
an extension of the Bottom Survey, not exceeding three months, provided the interval
between successive surveys does not exceed 36 months. A Bottom Survey is considered to
coincide with the Special Survey when held within the 15 months prior to the date of the
Special Survey.
A Bottom Survey is an examination of the outside of the craft’s bottom and
related items and is normally to be carried out with the craft in dry-dock. However, the
Classification Committee may give consideration to alternate examination while the craft
is afloat as an In-Water Survey, subject to provisions of Pt 1, Ch 3, 4.3 In-Water Surveys and Pt 1, Ch 4, 3.3 In-Water Surveys.
Bottom Surveys are to be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Pt 1, Ch 3, 4 Bottom Surveys – In Dry-Dock and In-Water Surveys - Hull and machinery requirements and Pt 1, Ch 4, 3 Bottom Surveys and In-Water Surveys - Hull and machinery requirements.
4.5.8 Attention
is to be given to any relevant statutory requirements of the National
Authority of the country in which the craft is registered.
4.5.9 The date of the last Bottom Survey will be recorded on the Class Direct
website.
4.5.11 All craft
classed with LR are also to be subjected to Special Surveys. These
Surveys become due at five-yearly intervals, the first one five years
from the date of build or date of Special Survey for Classification
as recorded in the appropriate Register Book, and thereafter
five years from the date recorded for the previous Special Survey.
Consideration can be given at the discretion of the Committee to any
exceptional circumstances justifying an extension of the hull classification
to a maximum of three months beyond the fifth year. If an extension
is agreed the next period of hull classification will start from the
due date of the Special Survey before the extension was granted.
4.5.12 Special
surveys may be commenced at the fourth Annual Survey or fourth anniversary,
as appropriate, after completion, commissioning, or previous Special
Survey, and be progressed during the succeeding year with a view to
completion by the due date of the Special Survey.
4.5.13 Special
Surveys which are commenced prior to their due date are not to extend
over a period greater than 15 months, except with the prior approval
of the Committee.
4.5.14 Craft
which have satisfactorily passed a Special Survey will have a record
entered indicating the date. Where the Special Survey is completed
more than three months before the due date, the new record of Special
Survey will be the final date of survey. In the case of yachts, this
information will be recorded on the Class Direct website.
4.5.17 In cases where the ship has been laid-up, or has been out of service for a considerable
period because of a major repair or modification and the Owner elects to only carry out
the overdue surveys, the next period of class will start from the expiry date of the
last Complete Survey of machinery. If the Owner elects to carry out a Complete Survey,
the period of class will start from the completion date of this survey.
4.5.18 At the
request of an Owner, the Committee may agree that the Special Survey
of the hull be carried out on the Continuous Survey basis, all compartments
of the hull being opened for survey and testing, in rotation, with
an interval of five years between consecutive examinations of each
part. In general, approximately one fifth of the Special Survey is
to be completed each year and all the requirements of the particular
hull Special Survey must be completed at the end of the five year
cycle. If the examination during Continuous Survey reveals any defects,
further parts are to be opened up and examined as considered necessary
by the Surveyor. For examination of items listed in Pt 1, Ch 3, 2.2 Annual Surveys 2.2.19, Pt 1, Ch 3, 2.2 Annual Surveys 2.2.21, Pt 1, Ch 3, 3.2 Intermediate Surveys 3.2.2, Pt 1, Ch 3, 3.2 Intermediate Surveys 3.2.3, Pt 1, Ch 3, 3.2 Intermediate Surveys 3.2.4 or Pt 1, Ch 4, 2.2 Intermediate Surveys 2.2.11, Pt 1, Ch 4, 2.2 Intermediate Surveys 2.2.12, Pt 1, Ch 4, 2.2 Intermediate Surveys 2.2.13 as applicable, the intervals
for inspection will require to be specially agreed. Craft which have
satisfactorily completed the cycle will have a record entered in the Register Book indicating the date of completion which will
not be later than five years from the last assigned date of Complete
Survey of the hull. The agreement for surveys to be carried out on
Continuous Survey basis may be withdrawn at the discretion of the
Committee.
4.5.19 In cases
where the craft has been laid up or has been out of service for a
considerable period because of a major repair or modification and
the Owner elects to only carry out the overdue surveys, the next period
of class will start from the expiry date of the Special Survey. If
the Owner elects to carry out the next due Special Survey, the period
of class will start from the survey completion date.
4.5.20 Complete
Surveys of machinery become due at five-yearly intervals, the first
one five years from the date of build or date of first classification
as recorded in the appropriate Register Book, and thereafter
five years from the date recorded for the previous Complete Survey.
Consideration can be given at the discretion of the Classification
Committee to any exceptional circumstances justifying an extension
of machinery class to a maximum of three months beyond the fifth year.
If an extension is agreed to, the next period of machinery class will
start from the due date of Complete Survey of machinery before extension
was granted. Surveys which are commenced prior to their due date are
not to extend over a period greater than 15 months, except with the
prior approval of the Classification Committee. Where the complete
survey is completed more than three months before the due date, the
recorded date of completion will be the final date of survey.
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In all other cases,
with the exception of Pt 1, Ch 2, 4.5 Existing service craft and yachts - Periodical Surveys 4.5.20.(b),
the date recorded will be the fifth anniversary of the previous Complete
Survey of machinery.
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For craft registered
with Flag Administrations that have neither implemented the International
Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS 1974) Harmonised System
of Survey and Certification (HSSC) under the Protocol of 1988, nor
have adopted HSSC under IMO Resolution A.883(21) – Global and Uniform Implementation of the Harmonized System of Survey and Certification (HSSC) –
(Adopted on 25 November 1999), where
the Survey is completed before the due date, the new record will be
the final date of survey.
4.5.21 Upon
application by an Owner, the Committee may agree to the extension
of the survey requirements for main engines, which, by the nature
of the craft's normal service, do not attain the number of running
hours recommended by the engines' manufacturer for major overhauls
within the survey periods given in Pt 1, Ch 2, 4.5 Existing service craft and yachts - Periodical Surveys 4.5.20.
4.5.22 If it
is found desirable that any part of the machinery should be examined
again before the due date of the next survey, a certificate for a
limited period will be granted in accordance with the nature of the
case.
4.5.23 When,
at the request of an Owner, it has been agreed by the Committee that
the Complete Survey of the machinery may be carried out on the Continuous
Survey basis, the various items of machinery are to be opened for
survey in rotation, so far as is practicable, to ensure that the interval
between consecutive examinations of each item will not exceed five
years. In general, approximately one-fifth of the machinery is to
be examined each year.
4.5.24 If any
examination during Continuous Survey reveals defects, further parts
are to be opened up and examined as considered necessary by the Surveyor,
and the defects are to be made good to his satisfaction.
4.5.25 Upon
application by an Owner, the Committee may agree to an arrangement
whereby, subject to certain conditions, some items of machinery may
be examined by the Chief Engineer of the craft at ports where LR is
not represented, or, where practicable, at sea, followed by a limited
confirmatory survey carried out at the next port of call where an
Exclusive Surveyor is available. Particulars of this arrangement may
be obtained from LR's Headquarters.
4.5.26 Where
an approved planned maintenance scheme is in operation the confirmatory
surveys of machinery as required by Pt 1, Ch 2, 4.5 Existing service craft and yachts - Periodical Surveys 4.5.24 may be held at annual intervals, at which time the records
will be checked and the operation of the scheme verified. Particulars
of this arrangement may be obtained from any of LR's Offices.
4.5.27 Where
condition monitoring equipment is fitted, the Committee, upon application
by the Owner, will be prepared to amend applicable Periodical Survey
requirements where details of the equipment are submitted and found
satisfactory. Where machinery installations are accepted for this
method of survey, it will be a requirement that an Annual Survey be
held, at which time monitored records will be analysed and the machinery
examined under working conditions. An acceptable lubricating oil trend
analysis programme may be required as part of the condition monitoring
procedures.
4.5.30 Craft
of unusual design, type or arrangement may be subject to exceptional
survey requirements. Such survey requirements will be detailed at
the assignment of classification.
4.5.31 Where
the Committee has agreed to an Owner’s request to assign the Laid-up notation, the vessel may be retained in class provided
a satisfactory general examination of the hull and machinery is carried
out at the Annual Survey/Intermediate Survey due date and in addition
an Underwater Examination (UWE) is carried out at the Special Survey
due date. The general examination may be carried out within three
months before or after the Annual Survey due date.
4.6 Existing amphibious air cushion vehicles - Periodical Surveys
4.7 Surveys for novel/complex systems, machinery and equipment
4.7.1 Where novel/complex
systems, machinery and equipment have been accepted by LR, and for
which existing survey requirements are not considered to be suitable
and sufficient then, appropriate survey requirements are to be derived
as part of the design approval process. In deriving these requirements
LR will consider, but not be limited to, the following:
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Plan appraisal submissions;
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Risk Assessment documentation
where required by the Rules;
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Equipment manufacturer
recommendations;
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Relevant recognised
national or international standards.
4.8 Certificates
4.8.1 When the
required reports, on completion of the survey of new or existing craft
which have been submitted for classification, have been received from
the Surveyors and approved by the Committee, a certificate of First
Entry of Classification, signed by the Chairman, or the Deputy Chairman
and Chairman of the Sub-Committee of Classification, will be issued
to Builders or Owners.
4.8.2 A Certificate
of Class valid for five years subject to endorsement for Annual and/or
Intermediate Surveys, as appropriate, will also be issued to the Owners.
4.8.3 LR's Surveyors
are permitted to issue provisional (interim) certificates to enable
a craft classed with LR to proceed on her voyage provided that in
their opinion it is in a fit and efficient condition. Such certificates
will embody the Surveyors' recommendations for continuance of class,
but in all cases are subject to confirmation by the Committee.
4.9 Notice of surveys
4.9.1 It is the
responsibility of the Owners to ensure that all surveys necessary
for the maintenance of class are carried out at the proper time and
in accordance with the instructions of the Committee. Information
is available to Owners on the Class Direct website.
4.9.2 LR will
give timely notice to an Owner about forthcoming surveys by means
of a letter or a computer print-out of a craft’s Quarterly
Listing of Surveys, Conditions of Class and Memoranda. The
omission of such notice, however, does not absolve the Owner from
his responsibility to comply with LR's survey requirements for maintenance
of class, all of which are available to Owners on the Class Direct
website.
4.10 Withdrawal/Suspension of class
4.10.1 When
the class of a craft, for which the Regulation as regards surveys
on hull, equipment and machinery have been complied with, is withdrawn
by the Committee in consequence of a request from the Owner the notation
`Class withdrawn at Owner's request' (with date) will be assigned.
4.10.2 When
the Regulations as regards surveys on the hull, equipment or machinery
have not been complied with and the craft is thereby not entitled
to retain class, the class will be suspended or withdrawn, at the
discretion of the Committee, and a corresponding notation will be
assigned.
4.10.3 Class
will be automatically suspended and the Certificate of Class will
become invalid if the Annual or Intermediate Survey, as appropriate,
is not completed within three months of the due date of the survey.
4.10.4 Class
will be automatically suspended from the expiry date of the Certificate
of Class in the event that the Special Survey has not been completed
by the due date and an extension has not been agreed (see
Pt 1, Ch 2, 4.5 Existing service craft and yachts - Periodical Surveys 4.5.11), or is not under attendance
by the Surveyors with a view to completion prior to resuming trading.
Classification will be reinstated from suspension of class upon
satisfactory completion of the surveys due. The surveys to be carried
out are to be based upon the survey requirements at the original date
due and not on the age of the craft when the survey is carried out.
Such surveys are to be credited from the date originally due. However,
the craft’s Class remains suspended from the date of suspension
until the date Class is reinstated.
4.10.5 When
in accordance with Pt 1, Ch 2, 4.4 Damages, repairs and alterations 4.4.4 a condition
of class is imposed, this will be assigned a due date for completion
and the craft's class will be subject to a suspension procedure if
the condition of class is not dealt with, or postponed by agreement,
by the due date.
4.10.6 When
it is found, from the reported condition of the hull or equipment
or machinery of a craft, that an Owner has failed to comply with Regulations Pt 1, Ch 2, 1.1 General 1.1.7, Pt 1, Ch 2, 1.1 General 1.1.11, Pt 1, Ch 2, 4.4 Damages, repairs and alterations 4.4.1 or Pt 1, Ch 2, 4.4 Damages, repairs and alterations 4.4.6 above, the class will be liable
to be suspended or withdrawn, at the discretion of the Committee,
and a corresponding notation assigned. When it is considered that
an Owner's failure to comply with these requirements is sufficiently
serious the suspension or withdrawal of class may be extended to include
other craft controlled by the same Owner, at the discretion of the
Committee.
4.10.7 When
any craft proceeds to sea with less freeboard than that approved by
the Committee, or when the freeboard marks are placed higher on the
sides of the craft than the position assigned or approved by the Committee,
or, in cases of craft where freeboards are not assigned, the draught
is greater than that approved by the Committee, the class will be
liable to be withdrawn or suspended.
4.10.8 When
it is found that a craft is being operated in a manner contrary to
that agreed at the time of classification, i.e. out with the parameters
of the operational envelope, the class will be liable to be automatically
withdrawn or suspended.
4.10.9 In all
instances of class withdrawal or suspension, the assigned notation,
with date of application, will appear in the Register Book.
In cases where class has been suspended by the Committee and it becomes
apparent that the Owners are no longer interested in retaining LR's
class, the notation will be amended to withdrawn status. After class
withdrawn status has been established in the appropriate Register
Book for one year, it will be automatically amended to `classed
LR until' (with date). In the case of yachts this information will
be recorded on the Class Direct website.
4.10.10 When
a vessel is intended for a demolition voyage with any Periodical Survey
overdue, the vessel's class suspension may be held in abeyance and
consideration may be given to allow the vessel to proceed on a single
direct ballast voyage from the lay up or final discharge port to the
demolition yard, provided the attending Surveyor finds the vessel
in a satisfactory condition to proceed for the intended voyage, at
the discretion of the Classification Committee.
4.10.11 When
a vessel is intended for a single voyage from ‘laid-up’
position to repair yard with any Periodical Survey overdue, the vessel's
class suspension may be held in abeyance and consideration may be
given to allow the vessel to proceed on a single direct ballast voyage
from the site of lay up to the repair yard, upon agreement with the
Flag Administration, at the discretion of the Classification Committee.
This is provided the vessel is found in a satisfactory condition by
surveys, the extent of which are to be based on surveys overdue and
duration of lay-up.
4.11 Survey of craft out of commission
4.11.1 The classification
requirements for laid up vessels will be specially considered. Surveys
for continuation of class may be required at the discretion of the
Committee.
4.12 Appeal from Surveyors' recommendations
4.12.1 If the
recommendations of LR's Surveyors are considered in any case to be
unnecessary or unreasonable, appeal may be made to the Committee,
who may direct a Special Examination to be held.
4.13 Force majeure
4.13.1 If due
to circumstances reasonably beyond the Owner’s or LR’s
control, as defined below, the vessel is not in a port when surveys
become overdue the Classification Committee may allow the vessel to
sail, in class, directly to an agreed discharge port and then, if
necessary, in ballast to an agreed repair facility at which the survey
can be completed. In this context, ‘Force Majeure’ means
damage to the vessel, unforeseen inability of Surveyors to attend
the vessel due to governmental restrictions on right of access or
movement of personnel, unforeseen delays in port or inability to discharge
cargo due to unusually lengthy periods of severe weather, strikes,
civil strife, acts of war or other force majeure.
4.13.2 In circumstances of global disruption to normal maritime operations, such as experienced
during the global COVID-19 pandemic, where Flag Administrations adopt extraordinary
measures permitting postponements to scheduled statutory surveys beyond the due dates,
the Classification Committee may allow corresponding postponements to scheduled class
surveys provided the following measures to confirm the continued compliance of the
vessel with LR classification requirements are undertaken:
- a confirmatory LR examination of the ship’s records; and,
- an LR review of evidence submitted by the Owner that confirms
that the vessel is in a condition to satisfactorily continue in class for the agreed
period of postponement; this may include an LR remote survey, and provision to LR of
acceptable photographic, video or other evidence of condition of structure or
equipment; and,
- receipt of a confirmatory statement from the Master advising
that the ship is, in their opinion, in compliance with LR’s Rules and Regulations
and in a condition to satisfactorily continue in service for the agreed period;
and,
- any due and/or overdue surveys and examination of Conditions of
Class, Actionable Items and Statutory Findings are to be carried out at the first
port of call with available facilities where LR Surveyors can reasonably attend to
complete the overdue surveys.
4.14 Ownership details
4.14.1 The Owner will ensure a member of the LR Group - Marine and Offshore
division is promptly informed in writing of any change to their contact details and,
in the event of a vessel/asset transfer or sale, is to supply details of the new
Owner in writing. The new Owner is to promptly inform a member of the LR Group -
Marine and Offshore division in writing of their contact details. If the new Owner
fails to do so and if LR cannot verify the ownership record, then the class of that
vessel/asset will be specially considered by the Classification Committee.
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