Section
9 Control, supervision and monitoring of equipment
9.1 General
9.2 Automatic and remote controls
9.2.2 Where
machinery specified in this Section is required to be provided with
a standby pump, the standby pump is to start automatically if the
discharge pressure from the working pumps falls below a predetermined
value.
9.2.3 Where
a first stage alarm together with a second stage alarm and automatic
shutdown of machinery are required in the relevant Tables of this
Section, the sensors and circuits utilised for the second stage alarm
and automatic shutdown are to be independent of those required for
the first stage alarm.
9.3 Thermal fluid heaters
9.3.1 Alarms
and safeguards are indicated in Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.3 Thermal fluid heaters 9.3.2 and Table 3.9.1 Thermal fluid heaters: Alarms and
safeguards.
Table 3.9.1 Thermal fluid heaters: Alarms and
safeguards
| Item
|
Alarm
|
Note
|
| Expansion* tank level
|
Low
|
Fuel oil burners to
be shut off automatically
|
| Thermal fluid flow
|
Low
|
Fuel oil burners to
be shut off automatically, see Note 5
|
| Thermal fluid pressure
|
Low
|
Fuel oil burners to
be shut off automatically
|
| Thermal fluid outlet temperature*
|
1st
stage
High
|
—
|
| Thermal fluid outlet temperature*
|
2nd
stage
High
|
Fuel oil burners to
be shut off automatically,
see
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.2 Automatic and remote controls 9.2.3
|
| Thermal fluid forced circulation flow (if fitted)
|
Low
|
For exhaust gas
economisers/boilers, see Note 5
|
| Combustion air pressure*
|
Low
|
Fuel oil burners to
be shut off automatically, see Note 3
|
| Fuel oil pressure*
|
Low
|
—
|
| Fuel oil temperature or viscosity*
|
High
and Low
|
Heavy oil
only
|
| Fuel oil atomising steam/air pressure
|
Low
|
—
|
| Burner flame*
|
Failure
|
Each burner to be
monitored. Fuel oil to burners to be shut off automatically, see
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 3.1 Oil burning units 3.1.11, and Note 3
|
| Flame monitoring device(s)*
|
Failure
|
See
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.3 Thermal fluid heaters 9.3.6 and Note 3
|
| Igniter power supply*
|
Failure
|
Each igniter to be
checked before fuel oil is supplied to burner, see
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.3 Thermal fluid heaters 9.3.5 and Note 3
|
| Forced draft fan*
|
Power
failure
|
Fuel oil burners to
be shut off automatically, see Note 3
|
| Air register and dampers (including those in the uptake)*
|
Not
fully open
|
Purge sequences to
be inhibited, see
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 3.1 Oil burning units 3.1.9
|
| Control system*
|
Power
failure
|
Fuel oil to burners
to be shut off automatically. Control using alternative arrangements is to
remain available, see
Vol 2, Pt 9, Ch 7, 4.5 Control systems, general requirements 4.5.7.
|
| Uptake temperature
|
High
|
To monitor for soot
fires. Fuel oil to the burner is to be shut off, see Notes 4 and 6
|
Note
1. Special consideration may be given to
the requirements for oil fired hot water heaters.
Note
2. For heaters not supplying Ancillary
systems, only the items marked* are required.
Note
3. These safeguards are to remain
operative during automatic, manual and emergency operation.
Note
4. Alarm and Fuel oil shut-off only
required where exhaust gas economisers/boilers are fitted.
Note
5. For exhaust gas economisers/boilers
requiring thermal fluid forced circulation, the low flow alarm is to
be fitted with provision to override the alarm if the exhaust gas
economiser/boiler is to be operated in the dry condition. See
also
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 6.2 Feed and circulation pumps 6.2.4.
Note
6. Alternatively, details (including
location) of an appropriate fire detection system are to be submitted
for consideration.
|
9.3.2 The
standby pumps for fuel oil and thermal fluid circulation are to start
automatically when the discharge pressure from the working pump falls
below a predetermined value. The standby pumps for thermal fluid circulation
are to start before the shut-offs due to low thermal fluid pressure, see
Table 3.9.1 Thermal fluid heaters: Alarms and
safeguards, are
activated.
9.3.3 The
following heater services are to be fitted with automatic controls
so as to maintain steady state conditions throughout the operating
range of the heater:
-
Combustion system.
-
Fuel oil supply
temperature or viscosity, heavy oil only.
-
Thermal fluid
temperature.
9.3.4 Burner
controls are to be arranged such that lightoff is only possible at
the minimum firing rate compatible with flame establishment. If ignition
is set to occur at a fuel rich condition the burner is to revert to
the correct operating air/fuel ratio on establishment of a stable
flame.
9.3.5 Burner
fuel oil valve(s) are not to open:
- prior to completion of required warm up times; or
- when the power supply to the igniter has failed; or
- until a pilot flame is established, as applicable; or
- prior to the completion of furnace purging, see
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 3.1 Oil burning units 3.1.9.
9.3.6 Arrangements
for flame failure detection are to be provided with self-monitoring
capabilities which prove that the flame detector is not erroneously
indicating the presence of a flame. In the event of failure being
detected by these selfmonitoring capabilities:
|
|
- fuel oil to burner is to be shut off
automatically; and
|
|
|
- an alarm is to be activated.
|
9.3.7 Where
established as necessary by Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 3.1 Oil burning units 3.1.10means are to be provided to prevent starting of the ignition
sequence following multiple flame failures until completion of the
identified lock out period.
9.3.8 Following
burner shutdown, the furnace is to be purged automatically for at
least the required pre-purging time. In event of shutdown due to activation
of a required safeguard this purging is to be manually initiated.
9.4 Incinerators
9.4.1 Alarms
and safeguards are indicated in Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.4 Incinerators 9.4.2, Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.4 Incinerators 9.4.3 and Table 3.9.2 Incinerators: Alarms and
safeguards.
Table 3.9.2 Incinerators: Alarms and
safeguards
| Item
|
Alarm
|
Note
|
| Fuel oil temperature or
viscosity
|
High and low
|
Heavy oil and sludge
|
| Fuel oil pressure
|
Low
|
—
|
| Combustion air
pressure
|
Low
|
Fuel oil and/or sludge to burners to
be shut off automatically
|
| Burner flame and ignition
|
Failure
|
Fuel oil
and/or sludge to burners to be shut off automatically
See Note
|
| Furnace temperature
|
High
|
Fuel oil
and/or sludge to burners to be shut off automatically
|
| Furnace temperature
|
Low
|
If applicable
|
| Exhaust temperature
|
High
|
—
|
Note Combustion spaces are to be purged automatically before
re-ignition takes place in the event of a flame out on all
burners.
|
9.4.2 Where
arrangements are provided to introduce solid waste into the furnace
these are to be such that there is no risk of a fire hazard.
9.4.3 The
combustion temperature is to be controlled to ensure that all liquid
and solid waste is efficiently burned without exceeding predetermined
temperature limits.
9.5 Miscellaneous machnery
9.5.1 Alarms
and safeguards are indicated in Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.5 Miscellaneous machnery 9.5.2 to Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.5 Miscellaneous machnery 9.5.5 and Table 3.9.3 Miscellaneous machinery: Alarms
and safeguards.
Table 3.9.3 Miscellaneous machinery: Alarms
and safeguards
| Item
|
Alarm
|
Note
|
| Coolant tanks level
|
Low
|
—
|
| Fuel oil service tanks level
|
High and Low
|
Where a common overflow tank is
fitted, a high level alarm in the common overflow tank may be
accepted
|
| Fuel oil
service tanks temperature
|
High
|
Where
heating arrangements are fitted
|
| Fuel oil settling
tanks temperature
|
High
|
Where heating arrangements are
fitted
|
| Sludge tanks level
|
High
|
—
|
| Feed water tanks level
|
Low
|
Service tank only
|
| Purifier water seal broken
|
Fault
|
—
|
| Purifier oil inlet temperature
|
High
|
—
|
| Air
compressor lubricating oil
|
Failure
|
Automatic shutdown
|
| Air
compressor discharge air temperature
|
High
|
—
|
| Hydraulic
control system pressure
|
Low
|
—
|
| Pneumatic
control system pressure
|
Low
|
|
| Oil heater
temperature
|
High
|
See also
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3 Machinery Piping Systems
|
| Controlled environmental conditions
|
Abnormal
|
See also
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 3, 9.2 Automatic and remote controls 9.2.2
|
9.5.2
Dual
fuel systems. Oil and gas dual fired systems for boilers and
engines are to be provided with indication to show which fuel is in
use.
9.5.3
Oil
heaters. Fuel oil or lubricating oil heaters are to be fitted
with a high temperature alarm which may be incorporated in the temperature
control system. In addition to the temperature control system, an
independent sensor, with manual reset, is to be fitted which will
automatically cut off the heating supply in the event of excessively
high temperatures or loss of flow, except where the maximum temperature
of the heating medium remains limited to a value below 220°C.
9.5.4
Oil
tank electric heating. Fuel oil and lubricating oil tanks that
are provided with electric heating elements are to be fitted with
a high temperature alarm, which may be incorporated in the temperature
control system, a low level alarm and an additional low level sensor
to cut off the power supply at a level above that at which the heating
element would be exposed.
9.5.5
Fuel
oil tanks. Means are to be provided to eliminate the possibility
of overflow from fuel oil service tanks into the machinery space and
to safeguard against overflow of oil from fuel oil service tanks through
the air pipe. See
Vol 2, Pt 7, Ch 2 Ship Piping Systems regarding the termination of air pipes.
|