Section 2 Principles
Clasification Society 2024 - Version 9.40
Clasifications Register Rules and Regulations - Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Naval Ships, January 2023 - Volume 2 Machinery and Engineering Systems - Part 3 Transmission Systems - Chapter 1 Gearing - Section 2 Principles

Section 2 Principles

2.1 Design and operating principles

2.1.1 Marine gears are to be designed in accordance with user defined operating and performance criteria, taking account of ship type and service operating envelope.

2.1.2 Marine gears are to be capable of continuous operation between the maximum and minimum output power at specified operating conditions, see Vol 2, Pt 1, Ch 3, 4 Operating conditions.

2.1.3 Marine gears are to be designed and installed such that degradation or failure of any other independent system will not render the gears inoperable.

2.1.4 Marine gears necessary for propulsion or steering of the ship are to be designed and installed such that power transmission can be maintained in the event of single failure in an operational sub-system.

2.1.5 The gearing installation is to be capable of operating for the service profile throughout the specified life of the ship.

2.2 Lifecycle principles

2.2.1 Gears are to be operated and maintained such that the required performance, integrity and reliability can be achieved throughout the life of the ship.

2.2.2 To demonstrate continued compliance with the classification provisions for engineering systems (see Vol 2, Pt 1, Ch 1, 2.1 Provisions 2.1.1), surveys are to be carried out in accordance with the Regulations.

2.3 Enhanced analysis principles

2.3.1 Where the design of gearing has used enhanced analysis methods as described in Vol 2, Pt 3, Ch 1, 2.3 Enhanced analysis principles 2.3.2 to Vol 2, Pt 3, Ch 1, 2.3 Enhanced analysis principles 2.3.5, the ship will be eligible for the optional machinery class notation AG1 or AG2 as applicable. These optional class notations may be applied where the Owner requires detailed knowledge of the reliability of the gear elements and where noise excitation is required to be minimised for anticipated service conditions. Eligibility for the AG1 class notation will be subject to analysis in accordance with ISO 6336 and the use of an acceptable validated analytical meshing model for determining the face load factor for contact stress K by direct calculations. The analytical mesh model is to include consideration of the following:

  1. Phase varying lines of contact at the mesh.

  2. Elastic deflection of the gears, supporting shafts and other supporting components.

  3. Geometric qualities of any helix and profile modifications.

  4. Manufacturing tolerances.

2.3.2 Where, in addition to the requirements for AG1 class notation, a validated three dimensional finite element program is used for determining the flexibility of the geometry of mating gears, the ship will be eligible for AG2 class notation.

2.3.3 Gear elements are to be analysed using ISO 6336 with the following additions:

  1. The face load factor for contact stress (K Hmesh) is to be calculated using an acceptable validated analytical meshing model and used in place of the equivalent factor (K x K ) given in ISO 6336. The actual factor of safety against surface failure is effectively adjusted as follows:

  2. The face load factor for bending stress (K Fmesh) is to be calculated in accordance with ISO 6336 using the K Hmesh value calculated from the validated analytical mesh model. The actual factor of safety against surface failure is effectively adjusted as follows:

The factors of safety derived from the stress analysis procedure are only to be used for comparing the gears of similar design.

2.3.4 The ability of gearing to operate without scuffing at loads up to and including the maximum specified transient overload is to be demonstrated using at least two different methods. The assessment is to take full account of predicted transverse load distribution.

2.3.5 The design of the gearing is to be capable of accepting the following overload conditions as applicable and the over-speed without risk of damage:

  1. A non-transient ahead torque overload (duration of more than three seconds) of 125 per cent maximum full power torque in steam turbine and diesel installations, and of 150 per cent maximum full power torque in gas turbine installations. Torque levels up to these may occur during high power turns and rapid accelerations up to a total of five hours during a ship's life. Gears and shafts are to be capable of withstanding 200 per cent of full power statically as could occur if for instance the propeller becomes jammed.

  2. Over-speed of 15 per cent above the specified input speed.


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