Preface 
                        
                        
                        
                        1 The primary objective of the Guidelines is to establish an agreed method to monitor
                           the average sulphur contents of fuel oils supplied for use on board ships taking
                           into account the sulphur limit as required by regulation 14 of MARPOL Annex
                              VI. 
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         Introduction 
                        
                        
                        
                        2 The basis for these Guidelines is provided in regulation 14.2 of MARPOL Annex
                              VI. While regulation 14.2 of MARPOL Annex
                              VI only refers to residual fuel, it was agreed to also monitor the
                           average sulphur content of distillate fuel. 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        3 Following the entry into force of the 0.50% m/m sulphur content limit on 1 January
                           2020, MEPC 74 recognized that some of the compliant fuel oils may fall within the
                           residual fuel category whereas other compliant fuel oils may fall within the
                           distillate fuel category, thus agreed that the worldwide average sulphur content
                           should be monitored as a consequence of the sulphur limits required by regulation 14
                           of MARPOL Annex VI. 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        4 In view of the above, the three following categories should be used for monitoring
                           the worldwide average sulphur contents of fuel oil: 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                           - 
                              
                              
                              .1 fuel oil not exceeding 0.10%;  
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                              .2 fuel oil not exceeding 0.50%, but above 0.10%; and  
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                              .3 fuel oil exceeding 0.50%.  
 
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         Definitions 
                        
                        
                        
                        5 For the purpose of these Guidelines the following definitions should apply: 
                        
                        
                        
                           - 
                              
                              
                              .1 Residual fuel: 
                               Fuel oil for combustion purposes delivered to and used on board
                                 ships with a kinematic viscosity at 40°C greater than 11.00 centistokesfootnote (mm2/s). 
                               
- 
                              
                              
                              .2 Distillate fuel: 
                               Fuel oil for combustion purposes delivered to and used on board ships with a
                                 kinematic viscosity at 40°C lower than or equal to 11.00 centistokesfootnote (mm2/s). 
                               
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                              .3 Provider of sampling and testing services: 
                               A company that, on a commercial basis, provides testing and sampling services
                                 of bunker fuels delivered to ships for the purpose of assessing quality
                                 parameters of these fuels, including the sulphur content. 
                               
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                              .4 Reference value Aws_ECA: The value of the worldwide average sulphur content for the total fuel oil
                                 (distillate and residual) with a sulphur content not exceeding 0.10%
                                 supplied for use on board ships, based on the first 3 years of data
                                 collected and as determined on the basis of paragraphs 6 to 12 of these
                                 Guidelines.
                               
- 
                              
                              
                              .5 Reference value Aws_Non-ECA: 
                               The value of the worldwide average sulphur content for the total fuel oil
                                 (distillate and residual) with a sulphur content not exceeding 0.50%, but
                                 above 0.10%, supplied for use on board ships, based on the first 3 years of
                                 data collected and as determined on the basis of paragraphs 6 to 12 of these
                                 Guidelines. 
                               
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                              .6 Reference value Aws_regulation4: 
                               The value of the worldwide average sulphur content for the total fuel oil
                                 (distillate and residual) with a sulphur content exceeding 0.50% supplied
                                 for use on board ships, based on the first 3 years of data collected and as
                                 determined on the basis of paragraphs 6 to 12 of these Guidelines. 
                               
 
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         Monitoring and calculation of yearly and 3-year rolling averages 
                        
                        
                        
                        Monitoring 
                        
                        
                        
                        6 Monitoring should be based on calculation of average sulphur content of combined
                           residual and distillate fuels on the basis of sampling and testing by independent
                           testing services. Restarting for year 2020 the average sulphur content of the three
                           categories given in paragraph 4 should be calculated. After 3 years the reference
                           values for monitoring will be set as described in paragraph 12. 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        Calculation of yearly averages 
                        
                        
                        
                        7 The basis of monitoring is the calculation, on an annual basis, of the average
                           sulphur content of residual fuel and distillate fuel in each of the three categories
                           in paragraph 4. 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        8 The calculation of the average sulphur content is executed as follows: 
                        
                        
                        
                           - 
                              
                              
                              For a certain calendar year, the sulphur contents of the samples analysed
                                 footnote (one sample for each delivery of which the
                                 sulphur content is determined by fuel oil analysis) are recorded. The
                                 sulphur contents of the fuel oil samples analysed are multiplied by their
                                 corresponding mass, then summed, and then divided by the total mass of fuel
                                 oil analysed within each category as given in paragraph 4. 
                               
9 The mathematical formula for the method of calculation described is given in the
                           appendix to these Guidelines. 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        10 As a basis for well-informed decisions, a graphical representation of the
                           distribution of the global sulphur content plotted against the quantity of fuel oils
                           associated with each incremental sulphur content range should be made available each
                           year: 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                           - 
                              
                              
                              .1 residual and distillate fuels for sulphur content below or equal to 1.00%:
                                 in terms of the % sulphur in increments of 0.10%; and
                               
- 
                              
                              
                              .2 residual and distillate fuels for sulphur content above 1.00%: in terms of
                                 the % sulphur in increments of 0.50%. 
                               
Three-year rolling average 
                        
                        
                        
                        11 The 3-year rolling averages should be calculated as follows: 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        Setting of the reference values 
                        
                        
                        
                        12 The reference values of the worldwide average sulphur content for each category of
                           fuel oil given in paragraph 4 supplied for use on board ships should be
                           Awx, where x = ws_ECA, ws_Non-ECA, ws_regulation4 and Awx
                           = Acr as calculated in January of the year following the first 3 years in
                           which data were collected on the basis of these Guidelines. Aw should be
                           expressed as a percentage. 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                         
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         Providers of sampling and testing services 
                        
                        
                        
                        13 There are presently three providers of sampling and testing services under these
                           Guidelines. 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        14 Any additional providers of sampling and testing services will be approved by MEPC
                           in accordance with the following criteria: 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                           - 
                              
                              
                              .1 be subject to the approval of MEPC, which should apply these criteria;
                                 
                               
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                              .2 be provided with a technical and managerial staff of qualified
                                 professionals providing adequate geographical coverage and local
                                 representation to ensure quality services in a timely manner; 
                               
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                              .3 provide services governed by a documented Code of Ethics;  
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                              .4 be independent as regards commercial interest in the outcome of
                                 monitoring; 
                               
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                              .5 implement and maintain an internationally recognized quality
                                 system, certified by an independent auditing body, which ensures
                                 reproducibility and repeatability of services which are internally audited,
                                 monitored and carried out under controlled conditions; and
                               .6 take a significant number of samples on an annual basis for
                                 the purpose of globally monitoring average sulphur content of residual and
                                 distillate fuels. 
                               
 
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         Standardized method of calculation 
                        
                        
                        
                        15 Each of the providers of sampling and testing services should, before
                           31 January of the following year, provide the necessary information for the
                           calculation of the average sulphur content of the residual and distillate fuels to
                           the Secretariat of IMO or another agreed third party on the basis of a mutually
                           agreed format, approved by MEPC. This party will process the information and will
                           provide the outcome in the agreed format to MEPC. From the viewpoint of competitive
                           positions, the information involved should be considered sensitive. 
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         APPENDIX 
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        CALCULATION OF AVERAGE SULPHUR CONTENT BASED ON QUANTITY 
                        
                        
                        
                        Note: wherever "all deliveries" are mentioned, this is meant to refer
                           to all deliveries sampled and tested for sulphur and being taken into account for
                           the purpose of monitoring.