4.3.1 All boilers, all parts of machinery, all
                           steam, hydraulic, pneumatic and other systems and their associated
                           fittings which are under internal pressure should be subjected to
                           appropriate tests including a pressure test before being put into
                           service for the first time.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.2 Adequate provisions and arrangements should
                           be made to facilitate safe access, cleaning, inspection and maintenance
                           of machinery including boilers and pressure vessels.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.3 Where risk from overspeeding of machinery
                           exists, means should be provided to ensure that the safe speed is
                           not exceeded.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.4 Where machinery including pressure vessels
                           or any parts of such machinery are subject to internal pressure and
                           may be subject to dangerous overpressure, means should, where applicable,
                           be provided which will protect against such excessive pressure.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.5 All gearing, shafts and couplings used for
                           transmission of power to machinery should be designed and constructed
                           so that they will withstand the maximum working stresses to which
                           they may be subjected in all service conditions, taking into account
                           the type of engines by which they are driven or of which they form
                           part.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.6 Internal combustion engines of a cylinder
                           diameter of 200 mm or a crankcase volume of 0.6 m3 and
                           above should be provided with crankcase explosion relief valves of
                           an approved type with sufficient relief area. The relief valves should
                           be arranged or provided with means to ensure that discharge from them
                           is directed so as to minimize the possibility of injury to personnel.
                           
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.7 Machinery, where applicable, should be provided
                           with automatic shutoff arrangements or alarms in the case of failures,
                           such as lubricating oil supply failure, which could lead rapidly to
                           complete breakdown, damage or explosion. The Administration may permit
                           provisions for overriding automatic shutoff devices.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.8 Means should be provided whereby normal
                           operation of vital systems, such as ballast systems in semisubmersible
                           units, jacking systems in self-elevating units and blow-out preventers,
                           can be sustained or restored even though one of the essential auxiliaries
                           becomes inoperable.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.3.9 Means should be provided to ensure that
                           machinery can be brought into operation from the “dead ship”
                           condition without external aid.