4.10.10 A central ballast control station should
                           be provided. It should be located above the worst damage waterline
                           and in a space not within the assumed extent of damage referred to
                           in chapter 3 and adequately protected
                           from weather. It should be provided with the following control and
                           indicating systems, having appropriate audible and visual alarms,
                           where applicable:
                           
                        
                        
                        
                        
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                                 .1 ballast pump control system;
                               
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                                 .2 ballast pump status-indicating system;
                               
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                                 .3 ballast valve control system;
                               
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                                 .4 ballast valve position-indicating system;
                               
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                                 .5 tank level indicating system;
                               
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                                 .6 draught indicating system;
                               
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                                 .7 heel and trim indicators;
                               
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                                 .8 power availability indicating system (main
                                 and emergency);
                               
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                                 .9 ballast system hydraulic/pneumatic pressure-indicating
                                 system.
                               
 
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.11 In addition to remote control of the ballast
                           pumps and valves from the central ballast control station, all ballast
                           pumps and valves should be fitted with independent local control operable
                           in the event of remote control failure. The independent local control
                           of each ballast pump and of its associated ballast tank valves should
                           be in the same location.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.12 The control and indicating systems listed
                           in paragraph 4.10.10 should function independently of one another,
                           or have sufficient redundancy, such that a failure in one system does
                           not jeopardize the operation of any of the other systems.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.13 Each power-actuated ballast valve should
                           fail to the closed position upon loss of control power. Upon reactivation
                           of control power, each such valve should remain closed until the ballast
                           control operator assumes control of the reactivated system. The Administration
                           may accept ballast valve arrangements that do not fail to the closed
                           position upon loss of power provided the Administration is satisfied
                           that the safety of the unit is not impaired.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.14 The tank level indicating system under
                           paragraph 4.10.10.5 should provide means to:
                        
                        
                        
                        
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                                 .1 indicate liquid levels in all ballast tanks.
                                 A secondary means of determining levels in ballast tanks, which may
                                 be a sounding pipe, should be provided. Tank level sensors should
                                 not be situated in the tank suction lines;
                               
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                                 .2 indicate liquid levels in other tanks, such
                                 as fuel oil, fresh water, drilling water or liquid storage tanks,
                                 the filling or emptying of which, in the view of the Administration,
                                 could affect the stability of the unit. Tank level sensors should
                                 not be situated in the tank suction lines.
                               
 
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.15 The draught indicating system should display
                           the draught as measured at each corner of the unit or at representative
                           positions as required by the Administration.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.16 Enclosures housing ballast system electrical
                           components, the failure of which would cause unsafe operation of the
                           ballast system upon liquid entry into the enclosure, should comply
                           with paragraph 5.6.21.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.17 A means to indicate whether a valve is
                           open or closed should be provided at each location from which the
                           valve can be controlled. The indicators should rely on movement of
                           the valve spindle, or be otherwise arranged with equivalent reliability.
                        
                        
                        
                      
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                         
                           4.10.18 Means should be provided at the central
                           ballast control station to isolate or disconnect the ballast pump
                           control and ballast valve control systems from their sources of electrical,
                           pneumatic or hydraulic power.