Bearing in mind the reduction of oxygen in ullage spaces
                           compounded by the operation of inert gas systems, research has led
                           to the conclusion that there is a significant risk of pyrophoric deposits
                           forming in inerted tankers carrying sour crude oil; furthermore, that
                           pyrophoric deposits can form with crude oils having a low hydrogen
                           sulphide content and that no minimum safe level of hydrogen sulphide
                           content can be identified; and, finally, that pyrophors which have
                           formed during a loaded passage can persist during the subsequent ballast
                           voyage.
                        
                        
                        
                        
                        Thus, while various factors (such as lack of sufficiently thick
                           deposits of iron oxide) may inhibit pyrophor formation and while the
                           correct operation of the inert gas plant will prevent the possibility
                           of ignition, the degree of risk is judged to be sufficiently high
                           to require the precautions in section 8.2 in
                           case of inert gas system failure.