Recommended Performance Standards for Non-Mandatory Types of Simulation
Clasification Society 2024 - Version 9.40

Recommended Performance Standards for Non-Mandatory Types of Simulation

  67 Performance standards for non-mandatory simulation equipment used for training and/or assessment of competence or demonstration of skills are set out hereunder. Such forms of simulation include, but are not limited to, the following types:

  • .1 navigation and watchkeeping;

  • .2 ship handling and manoeuvring;

  • .3 cargo handling and stowage;

  • .4 reporting and radiocommunications; and

  • .5 main and auxiliary machinery operation.

Navigation and watchkeeping simulation

68 Navigation and watchkeeping simulation equipment should, in addition to meeting all applicable performance standards set out in section A-I/12, be capable of simulating navigational equipment and bridge operational controls which meet all applicable performance standards adopted by the Organization,footnote incorporate facilities to generate soundings and:

  • .1 create a real-time operating environment, including navigation control and communications instruments and equipment appropriate to the navigation and watchkeeping tasks to be carried out and the manoeuvring skills to be assessed;

  • .2 provide a realistic visual scenario by day or by night, including variable visibility, or by night only as seen from the bridge, with a minimum horizontal field of view available to the trainee in viewing sectors appropriate to the navigation and watchkeeping tasks and objectives;

  • .3 realistically simulate “own ship” dynamics in open-water conditions, including the effects of weather, tidal stream, currents and interaction with other ships; and

  • .4 realistically simulate VTS communication procedures between ship and shore.

Ship handling and manoeuvring simulation

69 In addition to meeting the performance standards set out in paragraph 37, ship handling simulation equipment should:

  • .1 provide a realistic visual scenario as seen from the bridge, by day and by night, with variable visibility throughout a minimum horizontal field of view available to the trainee in viewing sectors appropriate to the ship handling and manoeuvring training tasks and objectives;footnote and

  • .2 realistically simulate “own ship” dynamics in restricted waterways, including shallow-water and bank effects.

70 Where manned scale models are used to provide ship handling and manoeuvring simulation, in addition to the performance standards set out in paragraphs 68.3 and 69.2, such equipment should:

  • .1 incorporate scaling factors which present accurately the dimensions, areas, volume and displacement, speed, time and rate of turn of a real ship; and

  • .2 incorporate controls for the rudder and engines, to the correct timescale.

Cargo handling and stowage simulation

71 Cargo handling simulation equipment should be capable of simulating cargo handling and control equipment which meets all applicable performance standards adopted by the Organizationfootnote and incorporate facilities to:

  • .1 create an effective operational environment, including a cargo-control station with such instrumentation as may be appropriate to the particular type of cargo system modelled;

  • .2 model loading and unloading functions and stability and stress data appropriate to the cargo-handling tasks to be carried out and the skills to be assessed; and

  • .3 simulate loading, unloading, ballasting and deballasting operations and appropriate associated calculations for stability, trim, list, longitudinal strength, torsional stress and damage stabilityfootnote.

GMDSS communication simulation

72 GMDSS communication simulation equipment should be capable of simulating GMDSS communication equipment which meets all applicable performance standards adopted by the Organizationfootnote and incorporate facilities to:

  • .1 simulate the operation of VHF, VHF-DSC, NAVTEX, EPIRB and watch receiver equipment as required for the Restricted Operator’s Certificate (ROC);

  • .2 simulate the operation of INMARSAT-A, -B and -C ship earth stations, MF/HF NBDP, MF/HF-DSC, VHF, VHF-DSC, NAVTEX, EPIRB and watch receiver equipment as required for the General Operator’s Certificate (GOC);

  • .3 provide voice communication with background noise;

  • .4 provide a printed text communication facility; and

  • .5 create a real-time operating environment, consisting of an integrated system, incorporating at least one instructor/assessor station and at least two GMDSS ship or shore stations.

Main and auxiliary machinery operation simulation

73 Engine-room simulation equipment should be capable of simulating a main and auxiliary machinery system and incorporate facilities to:

  • .1 create a real-time environment for seagoing and harbour operations, with communication devices and simulation of appropriate main and auxiliary propulsion machinery equipment and control panels;

  • .2 simulate relevant sub-systems that should include, but not be restricted to, boiler, steering gear, electrical power general and distribution systems, including emergency power supplies, and fuel, cooling water, refrigeration, bilge and ballast systems;

  • .3 monitor and evaluate engine performance and remote sensing systems;

  • .4 simulate machinery malfunctions;

  • .5 allow for the variable external conditions to be changed so as to influence the simulated operations: weather, ship’s draught, seawater and air temperatures;

  • .6 allow for instructor-controlled external conditions to be changed: deck steam, accommodation steam, deck air, ice conditions, deck cranes, heavy power, bow thrust, ship load;

  • .7 allow for instructor-controlled simulator dynamics to be changed: emergency run, process responses, ship responses; and

  • .8 provide a facility to isolate certain processes, such as speed, electrical system, diesel oil system, lubricating oil system, heavy oil system, seawater system, steam system, exhaust boiler and turbo generator, for performing specific training tasks.footnote

Parent topic: Section B-I/12 Guidance regarding the use of simulators
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